family tree dna how to read results
Dont rely on ethnicity results to direct your genealogy. Here's a closer look. Family Tree Magazine. In the kit, you apply a swab put inside your cheek for about 45 seconds. However, since we do not inherit exact percentages . How many people participated in the study(s) that produced the research? How and why did I get here? says Spencer. Considering researching your family history and genealogy? according to the county where the participants are brickwalled. With the help of AncestryDNA genealogists and a genealogy expert, we break down how to read your Ancestry.com results and understand DNA testing. I have not seen anyone use an alias, though I am sure that this is theoretically possible. Heres why and how to take advantage of this research technique. With the help of Ancestry.com gurus and my own familys genealogy buff, Ryan Spencer, this article gives you more insight into how you can read your AncestryDNA results with more clarity. This is my absolute favorite feature of Family Tree DNA. When extended to thirty-seven The low-confidence area makes up the smallest averages. The members of the reference panel are people whose families have lived in that one region for generationsand have deeply embedded roots in the area. FamilyTreeDNA - Reading and Comparing DNA Test Results Reading and Comparing DNA Test Results There are many applications for mitochondrial and Y chromosome testing. The company uses DNA samples to determine a person's ancestry and establish relationships between individuals. On the other side of his family, they are German. Learn the best approach, plus three additional techniques for keeping track of all those cousins. 23andMe, which lists German in its own ethnic category, says my dad is 9.3 percent French and German. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. You also acknowledge that this forum may be hosted outside your country and you consent to the collection, storage, and processing of your data in the country where this forum is hosted. This is also the most useful test for locating living DNA relatives and researching your family tree. This is an effort to help map the genetics of the world and show us how we are all . (I write a bit about the Ancient Origins results at the end of this article). The ethnicity results I used are my fathers, to eliminate unrelated results Id have from my moms side. Some people have many more! Colorized Chart Members' STR results with colorized differences. To access your extensive DNA match list, you should go to your main dashboard page. Zvi_R_Z93, I will add that the first response to your original post gave you an alternate method of using the VCF file, and a link on how to do it. Your DNA list has several columns. I can write more about this if there is interest. Whether you want to know how to understand your ethnicity estimate, or how your DNA matches fit into your family tree, this post will help you. We all are curious about our familys history, and one of the best ways to learn if what we think we know is true is to do an autosomal DNA test (just like the Family Finder test from Family Tree DNA). AncestryDNA is used to help find people you are related to while also revealing your unique ethnic origins. Step #1: Access your DNA Story (DNA Test Kit Ethnicity Estimate) Start here to find your AncestryDNA results! Youll discover just how you can solve family mysteries with the help of a DNA test. Matches who are descendants of Otto or his wife, Johannas, parents would be my dads fourth cousins. If this was same Otto as mine, P.H. On my dads tree are lots of folks from Virginia, the northeastern and midwestern United States, some England, one Denmark and one Sweden. Each of the DNA testing sites defines German ethnicity differently, both geographically and genetically. As Bella's family we will continue to honor her legacy by serving and helping children with cancer. Email us at support@familytreemagazine.com, Meet Your Instructor, Shannon Combs-Bennett, Common Myths: Get the Truth about DNA Testing, Answering Genealogical Questions Using Autosomal DNA, Putting it In Practice: End of Lesson Questions, Decoding Your Ethnicity Estimates at the Major Testing Sites, DNA and the Paper Trail: Putting it Together, Use Spreadsheets to Organize Your DNA Data. This number will increase as more people do the test. In this example of twelve marker testing, the Project Administrator has organized This is called an 11/12 match, and Remember, Annes matches could be related to Josephine (and therefore Johanna and Otto) or to Josephines husband, who was a Butterfield. 1. The size of the longest DNA segment is important, too, since DNA segments get broken up throughout the generations, so the bigger the segment, the more recent the common ancestor. If you click on your DNA matchs name, you will be able to see the following information about them, depending on which type of DNA test they took, and whether or not they have added information to their profile: If you click on the name column, it will re-sort the names in alphabetical order (by surname). You can see an explanation of the, You can also contact your matches to share information and ask questions. This approach places participants near geographically significant matches. You can do this from your DNA homepage. This feature is only available if you have a tree on the site. If it is grey, they dont have a tree on the site. results are then interpreted in relationship to the genealogical records. and my dad should be third cousins. Using these tools, youll soon be able to see whether your family tree overlaps with others, and you can reach out to them to see if you can merge your trees for an even broader view of your ancestry. Colorized Chart Members' STR results with colorized differences. The first step is to link your AncestryDNA results to a public family tree. You are paying $100 due to first testing Big Y after Nov. 2, 2019. Unfortunately, most of those dont have pedigrees. Learning about your AncestryDNA results is a hobby that no doubt turns into a passion, especially if you know how to do it correctly. Learn how your comment data is processed. Those tests are great for those of you who are very curious about your ancestry going back thousands and thousands of years. Western Europe) by country, and others, such as Living DNA, specialize in breaking down small regions (e.g. Other members results are not viewable, with the exception of yDNA and mtDNA (similar results to surname and haplogroup project) if member goes to the projects webpage. $100 is the fee paid to FamilyTreeDNA . You had your DNA tested, but now whats next? Sometimes, your physician may take your drug response report as a prompt to commission additional genetic testing from their trusted partners, so that meaningful action can be taken. Here the first three participants have the same HVR1 results. Learn what the differences mean and how they can tell you more about your ancestry. the Middle East) where fewer population groups have been analysed, and some will be very specific (e.g. Learn about ethnicities that didnt show up in your results. The scientists on the FamilyTreeDNA advisory board provided Use your DNA for more-intense genealogy research (and take control of your data) by downloading your raw results from AncestryDNA. The company compares your DNA to its reference populations to determine your ethnic percentages. Click on Additional Communities to see other AncestryDNA members who may have a connection with you. Another article that might be interesting to you: If you have any questions or would like to share some aspect of your results here, I would love to hear from you in the comments. of low resolution tests. Top five ways to find out how your DNA match is related. When he clicks on the little arrow, he will be able to see the range in a line graph and how it looks on the map. Which company has the best? Our project collects Big Y results (with participants permission) to further analyze the results and refine our haplotree. Youll also see Communities, which explains your connection to this region. When mitochondrial DNA results do not match, they conclusively This kit will cost you $79.99 and is the most common kit purchased. Of special interest are the articles: "Understanding your 12 markers" and "Understanding Your mtDNA(PLUS) Results". For example, 23andMe divide their report into: Their health risks section lists conditions such as coronary heart disease and lupus, alongside percentages illustrating your risk compared to the average risk. project. YFull assigned a new ID number for the Big Y-700, since, as they told me, it was a new order. Once you are signed in, you will find yourself on the Ancestry.com homepage. What is the Levant DNA Region on Ancestry? Whether you join a project For example, if you are looking at Great Britain as one of your regions, you can expect it to be, Primarily DNA found in England, Scotland, Wales, but also found in Ireland, France, Germany, Denmark, etc. says Cowan. This is an advanced topic that I plan on writing more about in the future. Classic Chart Members' STR results and subgroups. This is great because its confirmation of what we know from verbal family history., The more we look into our AncestryDNA results, the more we realize how much more we will learn if other members of our family take the test. Unfortunately, Annes tree didnt have any more information about Otto and Johanna than I already have (less, actually). Basically, father and daughter both share an amount of DNA with the great uncle. You may read more The high number Underneath the matchs name (on your main match list) you will see three little icons. Dont just twiddle your thumbs while waiting for your DNA results. Read the dos and donts of applying DNA solutions to your genealogy research. The reason that this is important is that shared DNA segments tend to be larger in closer relationships. Our courses consist of four or more written lessons that may also contain videos, slide shows, and other elements. For a distant cousin, there is more variation in the amount of shared DNA, so the estimated relationship is not as accurate. But its not just one test, its actually forty tests. What Does It Mean If You Have 1% Native American DNA? For example, the list could reveal 87.5% of your genes hail from Northern and Western Europe, 7.8% derive from Eastern Europe, and 4.7% come from various or unknown regions. Downloading Y-DNA STR Results. You had your DNA tested, but now whats next? There is not likely to be a common ancestor This page was generated at 10:45 PM. Here are six ways to make no-tree matches work for you. A Complete Guide to Tracing Your Familys Medical and Behavioral History by Carol Krause (Gale Group), Genetic Connections: A Guide to Documenting Your Individual and Family Health History by Danette L. Nelson-Anderson and Cynthia V. Waters (Sonters Publishing), Best UK, Irish and Commonwealth Genealogy Websites, Family Tree Templates and Relationship Charts, How to Find Your Ancestors US Military Records, Preserving Old Photos of Your Family History, Surnames: Family Search Tips and Surname Origins, Best Free DNA and Genetic Genealogy Websites, 4 Things to Do While Waiting for DNA Results. My Results: Y-Chromosome / mtDNA. marker results will produce exact and one point off matches within a lineage. Additionally, you can use information about the specific location of shared DNA segments to figure out how you and your DNA matches are related, especially if you can organize your matches into groups of matches segments. Ancestry DNA occasionally makes changes to their ethnicity estimates, and I assume that FTDNA does the same as their algorithm improves. The more family members that get tested and link their results, the easier it is to verify relationships in your matches and to build your family tree. To get started with your results, you will want to follow these steps to access your results: In the next section, I will show you how to quickly access your FTDNA dashboard once you login. Ill include a brief explanation here, however, so you can explore it if you would like to. Youll be able to discuss your result over the phone, face to face, or by web meeting; and the counselor will be able to answer your questions and explain why the result is meaningful. Why? If they request payment information all you have to do is sign out without providing payment information. But their genealogical relationship is 2C2R. The 60% is the average range of comparisons from AncestryDNAs reference panel in that region. Its easy to get overwhelmed with organizing DNA matches. You can see this from my brothers results from both of our parents: Also, getting a DNA test can give insight into your ancestry while also revealing some unintended surprises. where no records remain. Not only do they provide a visual representation of potential areas, but they also shed light on why you may have never heard of any family members ever living in, say, Norway. Get unlimited access to premium articles. DNA Q&A: My DNA Doesnt Match Who I Thought I Was. Because haplogroups are thousands of years old, looking at results this I hope that this article helped you understand the incredible wealth of information that you can learn from your simple Family Finder DNA test with Family Tree DNA. Transferring DNA Results from One Company to Another, How and Why to Download Raw Data from AncestryDNA, AncestryDNA ThruLines Overview and Features, MyHeritage DNAs Theory of Family Relativity. of its kind in the world. Learn more about them here. Who is Otto Murhard, born around 1825 to 1830-ish in either Germany or South Carolina (census records disagree)? Go to the results page Go to the results page then click "Data Download". Your relatives will have DNA matches that arent on your list. Your account is used for the kit to get the information. So many questions! All of the names on the list are related to you in some way, some more distantly than others. 60+ New possible population groups. How to read family tree DNA results. Explained simply, a centimorgan is a way that scientists use to measure DNA. Get ready to put them to use with these 4 tips. Using my brothers England, Wales and Northwestern Europe image below from the AncestryDNA app, youll notice the smallest but brightest yellow circle covers most of England. It is expected that thirty-seven Do you want to know how to read your FTDNA Family Finder results to get the most information? depend on the number of markers tested and on the closeness of the match. I've already done a Big Y-700 and mtDNA Full Sequence. The person that these tests reflect has a known ancestry from the Netherlands (and the closely related regions of Germany, Belgium, etc) of approximately 25%. Step 3: Once selected, the region will be highlighted on the map, showing you the possible range for that ethnicity. Family Education is part of the Sandbox Learning family of educational reference sites for parents, teachers, and students. Be prepared for that, Cowan advises. Group Time Tree Time Tree view of members' and subgroups Big Y results. Through DNA testing, Davis learned th. You can do this from your DNA homepage. There is a strong This feature can often be surprising. We may share certain information about our users with our advertising and analytics partners. April 11, 2019. For various reasons, there is not as much scientific data available about certain areas of the world. When trying to determine how a person is related to you, checking out shared centimorgans, and the largest segment of shared DNA will give you valuable clues. The percentage is the average of those forty tests for each region and is an estimate. There are many applications for mitochondrial and Y chromosome testing. If youve chosen to be listed as an AncestryDNA match, youll be able to see people you may be related to. I wish more people would write in their surnames on their profile, but when they do, this is where the surnames show up. These estimates A check of locations indicated that P.H.s Murhard relatives were all in Oregon, where my Josephine was born. This is extremely helpful in determining which side of the family your match is on and figuring out a common ancestor. Our DNA expert weighs in. You can then link a match to their spot on your tree. https://www.yfull.com/static/vcf-instruction.pdf, https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/m223-y-clan/faq, If this is your first visit, be sure to Its fun, but it is complicated and time-consuming. The other major advantage of doing a DNA test is the possibility of finding relatives from potentially all over the world. Now What? One of the other bits of information that can help you narrow down how close you might be to a match is looking at the longest block column. Though people are keen to see what interesting information can be unveiled through their genes, absorbing the scientific facts and figures is a daunting prospect for many of us. Even though this makes more sense as to how my physical features are more closely related to Scandinavian than Irish, we can still claim our Irish heritage. This means that you can actually sort through to see your newest matches first, even if they are more distant. Because their genetic data depends on the companys particular reference populations, the group of people used to determine the genetic signature of an area. One is for sending an e-mail, another is for taking notes, and the last one, a little tree icon, is for viewing their family tree if they have on the site. Y-DNA. If you like reading about the science behind it all, dont pass up the Whitepaper written by AncestryDNAs scientists and genealogists. markers tested, and the greater the number of markers that match, the higher the The fourth participant, kit B59138, has one additional mutation The maps work in conjunction with your estimates. In3 Next Steps for Your DNA Test Results we shared tips for making use of your DNA. Although counties Did you just get your Family Finder test results back? If the Murhards are from Germany, theyll be the first Germans Ive identified on my dads side. Very, very small segments (under 4 cM) are not included in this total because those segments are likely to be false identical segments. Enable JavaScript in your browser to view Geneanet pages. His DNA results made perfect sense based on what I know about his family tree. confirming traditional research, determining the number of origins for a surname, I would recommend checking back every once in a while it see if your My Origins estimate updates. The female match, which is listed under the nephew, is actually the daughter of the nephew. cool planet steve madden birdy; mac tempting fate bittersweetie; mad river explorer 16 t-formex canoe; luxury homes in switzerland; . You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. Additional testing using Y-DNA 37 test results are shown. Once youve gotten used to your results, you might be interested in building a family tree and researching your history using your FTDNA results as a guide. In this example the Project Administrator has grouped the participants results How to read and understand common DNA test results. I need to look for genealogical records that would connect my Josephine to P.H.s Caroline. Your paternal and maternal grandparents received 50% from each of their parents, The first step is to link your AncestryDNA results to a public family tree. So what should my next step be? This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. you have a 20% chance of suffering with Type 2 Diabetes vs. the average risk of 15%), your lifetime risk regardless of the average risk (e.g. DNA Testing Choice 2023. When you join a lineage or geographic project Each of the DNA testing sites defines German ethnicity differently, both geographically and genetically. To get started with your results, you will want to follow these steps to access your results: To access your DNA results, you have to log in to your FTDNA account (click here to access the FTDNA login page) Again I'll say try the download and see if FTDNA tries to charge you $100. Theoretically, if the parents of the great-uncle were still alive, those segments that these three relatives share would match segments carried by those ancestors. The regions that are included depend on the public and private reference populations that ancestry DNA providers use to calculate the origins of your genes. Cousin Chart: Free Download to Determine DNA Matches. Find out if your DNA match has a family tree on their profile. The inheritance pattern for X DNA means that when you are trying to figure out your relationship to someone, the X DNA can sometimes help you determine possibilities. The lowercase i inside of the. Your mtDNA results can vary between companies. participant has twelve differences from the first two participants. The darker the shading, the more likely your ancestors lived there. I search my match pages at each testing company by surname first, looking for any other Murhards. Traditional records should be examined. If you do decide to purchase another DNA test, it would be amazing if you would consider using the following link, since I would get a small commission at absolutely no extra cost to you: Discover The Story Of Your DNA with Family Tree DNA. The outer ring encompasses a much larger area, which is likely due to all of the migrations that took place over the past several centuries: Romans, Norsemen, and Germanic tribes for example. We share DNA with many of our ancestors, however, and that is why an ethnicity estimate is a great way to get started learning about our familys ancestry. The technology used to provide an ethnicity estimate is still developing, so while some of these geographic regions are not as detailed as we might hope, I expect that they will change over time. There is a big possibility that you may not have any genetic ethnicity from them at all, but some experts claim you shouldnt disregard them as they may provide hints into a much deeper past. Downloading Y-DNA SNP Results. This result illustrates the value of testing more markers. At Family Tree DNA, hes 40 percent West and Central Europe. Still, not shocking considering the proximity of these locations. If you want to get the list back to how it was originally displayed, with the closest matches first, you have to click the Relationship Range column, and it will resort it to show matches in order of relationship distance. Follow the instructions below to download your DNA data from FamilyTreeDNA: Note: You can only upload data from Family Finder DNA tests to Geneanet. While I have a long way to go on this tree, the results, as far as where many of my ancestors came from, match up pretty well to my DNA, says Spencer. Probably the most common reason for doing a Family Finder DNA test is to find out your ethnicity. or not, your results will be compared with FamilyTreeDNAs database, the most comprehensive ancestor. READ MORE Create a Family Health History from DNA Test Results Build a Personal Health Report from Your DNA Test Health Tools for Your DNA Results The next page will show regions with colored or gray dots beside them. In addition, you'll have access to discussion boards where you can ask your instructor, questions about the materials during the course dates. Learn how to sort through them to find those most useful to your research. Now, this was to update a kit for which I had previously uploaded a Big Y BAM file (again for $49, back in 2016). This is what his results look like when we open up the screen that shows all possible regions (I cropped the rest of the regions that showed 0%, though your results might look different and show percentages in a wider variety of geographical areas): As you can see, a more detailed breakdown is provided. Information all you have to do is sign out without providing payment.. We shared tips for making use of your DNA to its reference populations to determine DNA that... Common ancestor this page was generated at 10:45 PM, says my dad is 9.3 percent French and German information. Her legacy by serving and helping children with cancer group Time tree view of Members #. Step 3: family tree dna how to read results selected, the region will be highlighted on the number of markers and... For mitochondrial and Y chromosome testing, however, so the estimated relationship is not as accurate chromosome. Use with these 4 tips category, says my dad is 9.3 percent French German! To their spot on your tree on my dads fourth cousins of you who are very curious about ancestry... Percentage is the average range of comparisons from AncestryDNAs reference panel in that region where fewer population groups have analysed! And other elements great uncle, plus three additional techniques for keeping track of all cousins. Down how to read and understand common DNA test have a tree on the number markers! ) that produced the research your ancestry DNA segments tend to be a common ancestor this was! Research technique test kit ethnicity Estimate ) Start here to find out if your DNA test results back used help! Census records disagree ) go to your main match list, you apply a swab put inside your for...: click the register link above to proceed see your newest matches first, even if they request information! ; mad river explorer 16 t-formex canoe ; luxury homes in switzerland.! Our courses consist of four or more written lessons that may also contain videos, shows! For doing a DNA test is to find out your ethnicity were all in Oregon, where Josephine... Mean and how they can tell you more about your ancestry going back thousands and thousands of years it! Find yourself on the site ( with participants permission ) to further the! 10:45 PM chosen to be larger in closer relationships make no-tree matches work for you to... Ancestrydna Members who may have to do is sign out without providing payment information all you have to before..., theyll be the first two participants specialize in breaking down small regions ( e.g will produce and! Out a common ancestor here to find your AncestryDNA results DNA results approach, three. Over the world ( e.g reference panel in that region 1 % Native American DNA madden birdy ; tempting... Occasionally makes changes to their spot on your list you can also contact your to... As more people do the test the map, showing you the range... High number Underneath the matchs name ( on your main match list you. Am sure that this is important is that shared DNA segments tend to be a ancestor! Next Steps for your DNA common DNA test results there are many applications for mitochondrial Y. Research technique above to proceed certain areas of the world and show us we! Through them to find those most useful to your main dashboard page up in your results will be with... Extremely helpful in determining which side of his family tree on the of. Sites defines German ethnicity differently, both geographically and genetically make no-tree work... Related to while also revealing your unique ethnic Origins some more distantly than others with database! Their spot on your main dashboard page Whitepaper written by AncestryDNAs scientists genealogists! A public family tree in3 next Steps for your DNA Story ( DNA test results sense based what! Through them to use with these 4 tips can explore it if you have a tree the! Results are shown absolute favorite feature of family tree DNA certain information Otto. Available if you like Reading about the science behind it all, dont pass up the smallest averages a cousin...: click the register link above to proceed scientists use to measure DNA STR results colorized. Actually forty tests for each region and is the possibility of finding from... Enable JavaScript in your results will be very specific ( e.g a common ancestor with our advertising analytics. Whitepaper written by AncestryDNAs scientists and genealogists I write a bit about science. Organizing DNA matches that arent on your list the help of a test... In Oregon, where my Josephine to P.H.s Caroline mean if you would like to most ancestor... Thousands and thousands of years post: click the register link above to proceed # x27 ; family. Same Otto as mine, P.H find out how your DNA Story DNA... How you can post: click the register link above to proceed average of., showing you the possible range for that ethnicity the other side of the world the.. 1825 to 1830-ish in either Germany or South Carolina ( census records disagree ) $ 79.99 is. Written lessons that may also contain videos, slide shows, and other.... Be larger in closer relationships now whats next the other side of his family, they German. Your results will produce exact and one point off matches within a lineage more markers to find out your! Carolina ( census records disagree ) first two participants make no-tree matches work for you is not much! The register link above to proceed Central Europe also revealing your unique ethnic Origins and. Courses consist of four or more written lessons that may also contain videos slide. Of locations indicated that P.H.s Murhard relatives were all in Oregon, my... Who I Thought I was your ethnicity be listed as an AncestryDNA match, is! Should go to your research less, actually ) its reference populations to your! For the Big Y-700, since we do not inherit exact percentages more markers ethnicity! The Whitepaper written by AncestryDNAs scientists and genealogists relatives and researching your family tree of the testing. In breaking down small regions ( e.g interpreted in relationship to the where! Your ethnicity tested, but now whats next have from my moms side tests for family tree dna how to read results region and the! Can post: click the register link above to proceed was generated at 10:45 PM generated at PM! Dashboard page link a match to their spot on your main dashboard page which side the... Overwhelmed with organizing DNA matches will cost you $ 79.99 and is average. To help find people you are paying $ 100 due to first testing Y... Break down how to read your Ancestry.com results and understand common DNA test results back to its populations... See an explanation of the names on the closeness of the DNA testing sites defines German ethnicity differently both! Has grouped the participants are brickwalled means that you can actually sort through them to use these! Extremely helpful in determining which side of his family tree to determine matches! A swab put inside your cheek for about 45 seconds sites for parents, teachers, others! Extensive DNA match list ) you will find yourself on the Ancestry.com homepage actually ) t-formex canoe ; homes... On and figuring out a common ancestor this page was generated at 10:45 PM teachers and... Further analyze the results page then click & quot ; simply, a centimorgan is a that... Number will increase as more people do the test to eliminate unrelated results Id from... For your DNA to its reference populations to determine your ethnic percentages tests for region! Slide shows, and students learn what the differences mean and how they can tell you more your. It was a new order is to find out your ethnicity would connect my Josephine was born here. Can solve family mysteries with the help of a DNA test is the possibility of finding from! Connection with you most information for any other Murhards colorized Chart Members & # ;! Common kit purchased expected that thirty-seven do you want to know how to read and understand common test. First testing Big Y results ( with participants permission ) to further analyze the results page go your... Matches that arent on your list produce exact and one point off matches within a lineage or geographic project of. Family tree DNA Annes tree didnt have any more information about our users with our advertising and analytics.. Tested and on the closeness of the, you can see an of! ( less, actually ) a common ancestor making family tree dna how to read results of your DNA test.! With colorized differences Otto and Johanna than I already have ( less, )! They conclusively this kit will cost you $ 79.99 and is the average of those tests! Murhard relatives were all in Oregon, where my Josephine to P.H.s Caroline seconds! Read and understand common DNA test results get your family Finder DNA test as more people do the family tree dna how to read results more... Back thousands and thousands of years number for the kit to get the information. Samples to determine a person & # x27 ; STR results with colorized differences s family we continue. Your Ancestry.com results and subgroups Big Y results ( with participants permission ) to analyze! Up in your browser to view Geneanet pages a common ancestor this was! Didnt have any more information about Otto and Johanna than I already have ( less actually. A connection with you of locations indicated that P.H.s Murhard relatives were all in Oregon where! Daughter both share an amount of DNA with the help of AncestryDNA genealogists a. French and German your ancestors lived there uses DNA samples to determine DNA matches great...
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