nascar restrictor plate races 2022

Posted: 14. 04. 2023 | Author: | Category: upstanding citizen rataalada

Marlin also came close to be a three-time winner of the Daytona 500 if not for an infamous gaffe. The series switched to V-8 power, with a compression ratio of 9:1 (as opposed to 14:1 for Cup at the time). For a season that has 34 races left to be written, it's a . In addition, this aerodynamic element will end in a diffuser designed to reduce turbulence. Just to illustrate how strange it is. As a result,NASCAR Next Gen cars will pass more often, and racing will be even more exciting in 2022. 11 Kaulig Racing Chevrolet in the Xfinity Series, winning four races on restrictor plate tracks New ride in 2022: No. SportsPulse: When it comes to Kyle Busch's resume, there's not much left to prove. Tick Mikes Organic Tick & Mosquito Spray, Bad Boy Back: Kyle Busch Gets Milestone NASCAR Cup Victory In Fontana Finale, SRX Series Adds More Familiar Names To 2023 Lineups; Tony Kanaan To Run Stafford, Thunder Road, Doug Coby To Run NAPA Spring Sizzler At Stafford For Tommy Baldwin Racing. By Mark Long. NASCAR Superspeedway Racing Has Slowed Down, Modifying a UTV for the Baja 1,000 Desert Race, The 13 Best Mattresses for a Better Sleep, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads. The throttled power, combined with the inherent aerodynamic drag of the cars, ended up completely changing the dynamic of oval racing. The Superspeedway, located in Alabama, is 2.66-miles around, longer than Daytona which allows higher top speeds. Earnhardt Jr. has just two points win at Daytona, but they were both big, significant victories. Might sound odd such a career-defining afternoon can hinge so much on a timely break. April 10, 2018 at 4:48 PM. On paper, it delivered the results that former NASCAR Chairman and CEO Brian France wanted. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Then the rich mix of anxiety and intensity finds another level, then another, and right about when the flag man looks down to make sure the checkers are within reach, every driver on the lead lap begins acting like Richard Simmons in an apartment fire. Contemporary Cup engines run 9,800rpm, 87.59 fps (26.95m/s), at the road course events, on Pocono Raceway's long front stretch, and at Martinsville Speedway (a .526-mile short-track). If thats the case, then youre proving all the sports pundits whove said over the years that what NASCAR does isnt real sport right. It was no surprise then that Daveys first win came at Talladega in 1987. In 1992, when the Busch Grand National series began racing at Talladega, the plates were implemented, in keeping with their use at Daytona. nascar restrictor plate races 2022 Race. Over the three-plus decades of restrictor-plate racing at Daytona, many off-Broadway racers have used their plate-race knack to post their best annual results at Daytona and Talladega. Jan. 15-16, 2020: Third test (Miami) After test runs on a short track then a flat one-miler, the Next Gen car gets its first laps on an intermediate 1.5-mile layout as Erik Jones wheels the prototype at Homestead-Miami Speedway. The 2000 New Hampshire race was condemned because Jeff Burton led wire to wire; the plates were singled out as impeding ability to pass, a criticism contradicted by the use of restrictor plates in a Busch North support race the day before where the lead changed seven times in 100 laps and by the highly competitive nature of restrictor plated Modified races; as noted above the 300 also saw a 23-car battle for third in the first ten laps and a burst by 22 cars from John Andretti. The injuries caused by the wreck prompted Nascar to look at ways to move beyond the fence and barrier and to add another level of safety to the cars by forcing them to slow down. By 1972, NASCAR phased in a rule to lower the maximum engine displacement from 429 cubic inches (7.0 liters) to its present 358 cubic inches (5.8 liters). Tucker White's been a fan of NASCAR since he was five years old. His daring three-wide pass for the lead to win the 1997 Daytona 500 and give Hendrick Motorsports a 1-2-3 sweep was spectacular. Because the half-shafts can move independently, the rear tires will also be able to move on independent suspension. With the new pavement at Daytona, three-wide racing became far easier, and multi-car wrecks became more common. Drivers such as Rusty Wallace have cited data showing that the roof flaps used on the cars cannot keep them on the ground above 204MPH. The rule change was likely issued as a. And if that wasnt enough, he did it again the following year, becoming only the third driver to win NASCARs biggest race in back-to-back years. In 56 career starts in restrictor-plate points races, Earnhardt Jr. has 20 top-five and 30 top-10 finishes, including eight second-place runs. Less air means less fuel for the spark to ignite, which leads to less power from the explosion inside the cylinder head. He won the July race at Daytona in 2002, won the Daytona 500 again in 2003 and added a Talladega victory in 03 as well. For Next Gen Cars, NASCAR officials have engineered tapered spacers to replace the restrictor plate at certain tracks. If a plate, thick or thin, tapered or blunt, is restricting airflow into an engine; it is a restrictor plate. In 1955, Chrysler produced the C-300 with its Chrysler FirePower engine 300hp (220kW) 303cuin (5.0L) OHV engine, which easily won in 1955 and 1956. We may earn commission if you buy from a link. Restrictor plates were used at Daytona and Talladega . Following the Bud Shootout NASCAR has adjusted the mandatory restrictor plate fitted to all Sprint Cup engines. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Race Information. In 2016, following a series of uncompetitive races at Indianapolis Motor Speedway, NASCAR began a series of tests for the Xfinity Series using a smaller restrictor plate than used at Daytona and Talladega and aerodynamic aids. The six-time Cup champion is not really known for his plate-racing prowess. He has seven more wins in Cup competition at Daytona, winning the season-opening exhibition twice and five times in qualifying races. Ricky Stenhouse won his last race five and a half years ago at Daytona's Coke Zero 400. In 2016, following a series of uncompetitive races at Indianapolis Motor Speedway, NASCAR began a series of tests for the Xfinity Series using a smaller restrictor plate than used at Daytona and Talladega and aerodynamic aids. To this day, it remains the fastest qualifying lap in NASCAR history and will likely never be broken. . The transition period lasted until 1975, when the current 358 cubic inch (5870cc) limit was imposed. The sleek and aerodynamic Hudson Hornet managed to win in 1951, 1952, and 1953, using a 308cuin (5.0L) flat-head inline six-cylinder engine.[13][14][15][16]. In 2009, in his final season with Roush Fenway Racing, he won at Talladega. A year later, he won at Talladega, and then won the first of three Daytona 500s in 1997. They are the most thrilling and spectacular races in NASCAR, and it takes a daring, cunning driver to win them. A year later, Davey won at Daytona in July and later won the 1992 Daytona 500. And these fire-breathing machines were producing well over 700 horsepower. [35][36][37][38], NASCAR will test a hybrid powertrain at the 2023 24 Heures du Mans in the Next Gen car with a smaller engine, per request of the Automobile Club de l'Ouest with a potential of a formula change in 2024.[39]. The 2011 Sprint Cup season was the last complete Cup season with carbureted engines; at the end of the 2011 season, NASCAR announced that it would change to an electronic fuel injection system for the 2012 racing season. Dont get me wrong. He also seven Nationwide and two IROC wins on NASCARs most famous track. In 1995, changes were made. Allisons car then became airborne, ripping a massive hole in the catch fencing and sending debris into the stands. The combination of those features increased drag on the cars, counteracting the increased horsepower, keeping the cars close to the speeds they were running prior to the switch to the tapered spacer. In 1957, Chevrolet sold enough of their new fuel injected engines to the public in order to make them available for racing (and Ford began selling superchargers as an option), but Bill France immediately banned fuel injection and superchargers from NASCAR before they could race. Before the addition of the restrictor plate in 1988 drivers clocked times well over the 200 mph mark. In September 2007, RACE22.com was revamped and quickly became the leading news outlet in Late Model Stock Car racing. In addition, the packs were far smaller in 1988 through 1990 until more teams mastered the nuances of this kind of racing and improved their cars (and drivers) accordingly. With a redesign and reprofile, officials accomplished turning Atlanta from a mile-and-a-half to an intermediate superspeedway. Since a dangerous 1987 crash, an official restrictor plate limits all NASCAR engines to about 410 horsepower. The criticism stems from the reduction in throttle response brought by the restriction. In 1995 Toyota Team Europe used an illegal device to bypass the restrictor (allowing an estimated extra 50hp). [citation needed], The second use came following the crash of Bobby Allison at the 1987 Winston 500 at Talladega Superspeedway. Given this was a restrictor plate race, that's not surprising. Where Are the NASCAR Next Gen Wheels Lug Nuts? NASCAR -The Sound of Restrictor Plates 94,146 views Jun 23, 2013 632 Dislike Share Save TransitHubChicago 1.63K subscribers The sounds of restrictor plates have changed a lot over the past. The competitive quality of restrictor plate racing, Specifications (NASCAR Cup Series - Gen 6), Specifications (Camping World Truck Series), "How do Toyota, Ford, and Chevrolet Engines Differ in NASCAR? When NASCAR assigns an aerodynamic package to the teams for each track, officials will appoint a corresponding NASCAR engine limiter. NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour series stock cars are powered by small-block V-8 engines, usually of 355 to 368cuin (5.8 to 6.0L) of displacement, although larger or smaller engines can be used. In 1961, Ford introduced the F1 390 in a low drag Galaxie "Starliner", but 1960 and '61 championships were won by drivers in 409-powered Chevrolet Impalas. However, the end of the Korean War in 1953 started an economic boom, and then car buyers immediately began demanding more powerful engines. This plate restricts the flow of air and gasoline. The NASCAR Cup Series and Xfinity Series mandated the use of restrictor plates at Daytona International Speedway and Talladega Superspeedway from 1988 to 2019. Thanks to the ill-conceived reconfiguration, for which Speedway Motorsports sought no driver input, Atlanta is too narrow for a driver to weave his way through. Small block engines, in the 366 cubic inch range, were exempt from the plates; the first car to race with a small block engine was Dick Brooks at the 1971 Daytona 500, where he ran a 1969 Dodge Daytona with a 305 CID engine. "I think Doug . These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. That partnership is roughly three decades old now, but in its early years there was an unspoken yet unmistakable desire pouring from Bill France Jr.: Yes, NASCAR had finally surpassed Indy-style racing in terms of national popularity, but the final blow would be the Daytona 500 the familys prize possession supplanting the Indianapolis 500 as, dare we say it, the Greatest Spectacle in Racing. SiriusXM NASCAR Radio (Ch. On the full-time NASCAR beat since 2016, he covered NASCAR and IndyCar for four years with SpeedwayMedia.com, and joined Last Word on Sports in January of 2020. Log in. [56] While the car did not enter the grandstands it tore down nearly 100 feet of fencing and flying debris injured several spectators. He's also a fan of the Atlanta Braves, the Nashville Predators and the NFL. 0:49. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Here's what he did, 'Learn from the best:' NFL legend Emmitt Smith ready to begin Xfinity team-owner duties at Daytona, Jeff Gordon returns to Daytona 500 in a new role "I've got a real job", Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy. Facebook They have not only won the most races, but been consistent forces in races where mastering the draft has become an art. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. : This former Ohio NASCAR driver holds an unbreakable Daytona 500 'record.' [6] While the car did not enter the grandstands it tore down nearly 100 feet of fencing and flying debris injured several spectators. The horsepower-choking plates didnt slow down the Allisons, however. His second career victory came in the 1993 Daytona 500 when he beat Dale Earnhardt on the final lap in one of the most memorial Daytona 500s. [24] NXS cars do, however, continue to use carburetors. 20 votes, 44 comments. Sundays Folds of Honor QuikTrip 500 set a new track record for most lead changes in a race at Atlanta Motor Speedway. The Automobile Racing Club of America also enforced restrictor plates at their events at the two tracks. The 2022 Mazda3 Turbo Is a Modern Sleeper. FIA Rubber-Stamps F1 Porpoising . 11 Kaulig Racing Chevrolet in the Xfinity Series, winning four races on restrictor plate tracks New ride in 2022: No. NASCAR Next Gen Cars Will Create More Downforce-And Drag The 2022 Next Gen Ford Mustang on display. In 2022, these limiters will include restrictor plates or one of two specifications of tapered spacers. Restrictor Plate Races; All Star Race Stats; Stats By Car Number; Ten different drivers have won the last 20 restrictor-plate races, with the dominant teams and drivers seemingly changing from year to year. Though he didn't win at Talladega after 1988, Elliott continued to run well there, finishing second four times and scoring six top-five finishes. Restrictor plates are devices installed between the carburetor and intake manifold that restrict the amount of air and fuel entering the engine's combustion chamber. NASCAR Next Gen cars will pass more often, NASCAR Next Gen engines will make up to 725 horsepower, the NASCAR Next Gen Corvette-style transaxle. These spacers are about an inch thick. It's not just Formula 1 that's set for upheaval in 2022, as the NASCAR Cup Series adopts its Next Gen cars that will cast . He has just one Cup win at Talladega, where he has finished second three times. In 2022, these limiters will include restrictor plates or one of two specifications of tapered spacers. Ultimately, this race was an apropos of nothing. Marlin won the July race at Daytona in 1996 and won plate races at Talladega in 1995 and 96. He also had two restrictor-plate wins at Talladega, winning in 1989 and 92. This is not a Yes, the racing at Atlanta in the last few seasons wasnt great, and the attendance dwindled to dangerous lows. Most cars sold to the public did not have a wide variety of engine choices, and the majority of the buying public at the time was not interested in the large displacement special edition engine options that would soon become popular. Of the 20 drivers who led a lap, only seven never won a prior plate race. He had 22 top-five finishes in points races there, and the fact that he won the 500 only once was simply cruel fate. The victory launched Waltrips career in a sense as he won three more races over the next three seasons, all of them in plate races. The reduction in throttle response, however, has never been shown to have impeded the ability to pass; the criticism was shot down in the first "modern" plate race, the 1988 Daytona 500, as the lead changed 25 times officially and saw several bursts where the lead changed several times a lap and also several bursts of sustained side-by-side racing, notably in the final 50 laps between Bobby Allison, Darrell Waltrip, Neil Bonnett, and Buddy Baker. (Photo by John . Darrell Waltrip topped the timesheets the following year with a 196.274-mph lap. . He was so good in the high-speed draft that rivals swore he could see the air, and sometimes he looked like he actually could. Previous year Next year Glossary Tweet Owner Standings | Contingency & Rookie Awards Reason for restrictor plates [ edit] There have been four eras that NASCAR used restrictor plates. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Many other racing series use additional air restrictors. Both these NASCAR series now use a restrictor plate and tapered spacer at the two tracks. 2022 Pennzoil 400 Previous race results / Next race results Previous at this track / Next at this track. Kurt Busch claimed the Daytona 500 and Brad Keselowski won the fall race at Talladega. Friday, February 24, 2023. The 2011 Daytona 500 saw a record number of cautions including an early 17-car pile-up. By contrast, tracks like the Sonoma raceway only allow drivers to reach speeds of around 100 miles per hour. Tony Stewart Stewart is compiling an. Unrestricted, Sprint Cup cars produce over 750 horsepower (560 kW) and can run at speeds in excess of 200mph. At the backbone 1.5- to 2.0-mile tri-oval tracks of NASCAR, the engines produce over 850hp running 9,200-9,400rpm for 500 miles, 600mi for the Coca-Cola 600 Charlotte race. Sitting through a quick history lesson will aid the efforthere. For 2018, the package is being used at Indianapolis, Michigan, and Pocono for the Xfinity Series and in the All-Star Race in the Cup Series. [citation needed] In 2008, the Nationwide Series (now known as Xfinity Series) and Truck Series began implementation of tapered spacers in the engines to restrict power compared to Sprint Cup cars at all 35 (NNS) and 25 (NCTS) races. As the early 1970s use of restrictor plates was considered a transitional process, and as not every car used restrictor plates, this is not what most fans call "restrictor plate racing".[55]. There have been four eras that NASCAR used restrictor plates. If Earnhardt was the master, Gordon proved to be an adept apprentice and a very fast learner. So the FIA mandated restrictors for supercharged and turbocharged engines in all categories (World Rally Car, Group A and Group N). Allison's Buick LeSabre blew a tire going into the tri-oval at 200mph (320km/h), spun around and became airborne, flying tail-first into the catch fencing. In his first race after being reunited with team owner Chip Ganassi, McMurray won the 2010 Daytona 500 to jumpstart a three-win season. Tapered spacers have been used in NASCAR's Cup Series since 2015, when a 1.170-inch aluminum block reduced horsepower from about 850hp (634kW) to approximately 725hp (541kW) at several tracks. Because of substantially increased downforce, the NASCAR Next Gen cars will require more power to maintain current speeds. During the 2010 Coke Zero 400, 21 of the 43 cars crashed. The restrictor plates were bolted beneath a throttle body that sits in the same place as the former carburetors. [57] While admitting excitement at the achievement, Wallace also conceded, "There's no way we could be out there racing at those speeds it would be insane to think we could have a pack of cars out there doing that."[40][57]. 1. He dominated last years Daytona 500 before blowing an engine and led 142 of 192 laps at Talladega before getting shuffled at the end. Nothing was learned and nothing carries over to the next race or the playoffs, because Atlantas second date is in July. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Especially Tennessee football. . He was known for making spectacular moves at Talladega, where he had a flare for the dramatic. Officials actually place the plates on top of the manifold and observe the team as they bolt the carburetor on top of the engine. But the power will reach the road in a brand new way. Road courses/short tracks: 670 horsepower and a 4-inch spoiler. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Exceeding track limits to advance one's position is subject to a drive-through penalty, or if the foul occurs on the last lap that car will be relegated to the last car on the lead lap in official race results. This is a safety concern that has puzzled NASCAR. . It worked. But since plates were implemented full time at the two tracks in 1988, several drivers have made their mark as restrictor-plate aces. . The shape of the spacer helps a car funnel more air smoothly into the manifold, increasing fuel performance, while ensuring airflow is still restricted. These are the races the small teams actually have a chance to win. It also means that the torque and power curves of the engine are unusual. Dodge Challenger and Charger are Dead in 2023. As a result, the race car rapidly expels air from beneath the chassis. [40][41] Rusty Wallace completed a 2004 test for NASCAR at Talladega in which he used an unrestricted motor to complete average lap speeds of 221mph (356km/h) and top speeds near 230mph (370km/h). And how many drivers have gotten beer cans thrown at him for beating an Earnhardt at Talladega? He also won three qualifying races at Daytona. Then there was one more GWC restart. | Jeff Robinson/Icon Sportswire via Getty Images He also has finished second four times in the 500. November 4, 2009 Frontstretch Staff. The cars rudimentary aerodynamic package made them super unstable, meaning drivers had to do a lot of steering to keep from spinning out. However, restrictor plates were not initially used for Camping World Truck Series trucks. McMurrays second career win came in the July race at Daytona in 2007. the device limits the power output of the motor and hence slows both the acceleration and the overall top speeds . The aftermath of Bobby Allisons 200 mph crash. Following fatal crashes of Adam Petty and Kenny Irwin Jr. at the New Hampshire International Speedway during the May Busch Series and July Winston Cup Series races, respectively, NASCAR adopted a one-inch (2.54cm) restrictor plate to slow the cars headed towards the tight turns as part of a series of reforms to alleviate stuck throttle problems which were alleged to have caused both fatal crashes. Ford started to sell "cammers" to the public to homologate it (mostly to dealer-sponsored privateer drag racers), but NASCAR changed the rules to specify that all NASCAR engines must use a single cam-in-block. A year later, Bobby and Davey finished first and second, respectively, in the 1988 Daytona 500, the first restrictor-plate race of the current era. When NASCAR assigns an aerodynamic package to the teams for each track, officials will appoint a corresponding NASCAR engine limiter. At these races, in addition to the restrictor plate, there are a variety of other technical rules and regulations to keep the cars stable and on the track. After air travels through the radiator, it will exit the engine bay from two vents on top of the stock cars hood. At Daytona and Talladega, most races are marred by at least one wreck, usually referred to as "the Big One", as cars rarely become separated. The fastest NASCAR tracks as of 2022 are the Daytona Superspeedway in Daytona Beach, Florida, and the Talladega Superspeedway in Talladega, Alabama. The restrictor plates were bolted beneath a throttle body that sits in the same place as the former carburetors.[52]. He has just one Cup win at Talladega, but has finished second there six times. Think of it really as constricting the lungs of the car. Earnhardt was the undisputed master of restrictor-plate racing. But even without the cammer, the Ford FE 427 won in 1965. 90) (@SiriusXMNASCAR) January 16, 2022 "When you look at the past, what performs the best at Daytona in restrictor plate races, Chevrolet has just seemed to kick . From 2015 onward, NASCAR moved on to using a tapered spacer in place of the more basic restrictor plate. Restrictor plates -- metal plates placed over the air intake to restrict air flow -- are used only at Talladega and Daytona superspeedways and these are also distributed by NASCAR. NASCAR has continued to use the same restrictor plate dimensions for 31 years. It wasnt long before a noticeable uptick took place at Daytona, and that effort ran parallel to so many other upgrades, culminating in the Daytona Rising rebuild between mid-2013 and early-2016. The following race at Talladega that year would be run with a smaller carburetor, however, NASCAR mandated the use of the restrictor plate at the end of the season. . Rusty Wallace tested a car at Talladega Superspeedway without a restrictor plate in 2004, reaching a top speed of 228mph (367km/h) in the backstretch and a one-lap average of 221mph (356km/h). In 1965 Ford adapted two single-overhead-cams to their FE 427 V8 to allow it to run at a higher RPM (called the Ford 427 Cammer). There is a maximum of 150 . The combination of those features increased drag on the cars, counteracting the increased horsepower, keeping the cars close to the speeds they were running prior to the switch to the tapered spacer. For the Winston Cup race, it was used just once at the 2000 Dura Lube 300. NASCARs ruling France family, for starters, dating back a few generations, and by extension all of those theyve deputized and assigned rather specific marching orders. Matt Crisara is a native Austinite who has an unbridled passion for cars and motorsports, both foreign and domestic, and as the Autos Editor for Popular Mechanics, he writes the majority of automotive coverage across digital and print. WHO'S DICK FREEMAN? Thanks to a aerodynamic package that caters towards low-downforce and high(er) horsepower, we had cars on the razors edge of control and driver skill dictating the outcome of a race. The pre-race tolerance is now 0.00 to 0.30 degrees, while post-race tolerance is now -0.25 to 0.55 degrees -- A difference of about .30 degrees each. When that boiling pot is moved off the burner and everyone begins breathing again, one man stands tallest. The teams had already been hit with a cooling system change earlier this week but this morning it was announced that the plate size will now be 57/64 inch. These wrecks tend to be singled out for criticism despite multicar crashes at other tracks and the generally greater severity of impact on non-restricted tracks. Said Waltrip before the race, "I feel, as a driver, now I can do more than I could before (the plates). There have been four eras that NASCAR used restrictor plates. After the tests were successful, the rules package was imposed for the 2017 race at Indianapolis. [7] While admitting excitement at the achievement, Wallace also conceded, "There's no way we could be out there racing at those speeds it would be insane to think we could have a pack of cars out there doing that."[7]. For the 1963 season NASCAR engines were restricted to using a maximum displacement of 427cuin (7.0L), and using only two valves per cylinder. By Roger Diez. The Goody's Dash Series (known now as the ISCARS series with its new ownership) used restrictor plates at Bristol during at least the last years of the series' existence when the cars were using six-cylinder engines (compared to the traditional four cylinder engines), in addition to their Daytona races. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. But he still has a total of five wins at the two tracks three at Daytona and two at Talladega. The road. Mary McMahon. Active Track Location Description : Airborne Speedway: Plattsburg, New York.500 Mile Dirt He graduated from the University of Tennessee in December of 2020 to pursue a career in sports writing. Kenseth has won the Daytona 500 twice in the last five years, winning the 2009 and 2012 races. America's Best Engine Shops 2022 | 4 Piston Racing. To offer some perspective, Bill Elliot was the top qualifier that weekend, putting down a 212.809-mph lap, which gave him the track record. On these tracks, NASCAR vehicles can reach speeds upwards of 200 miles per hour. He dominated the 2002 event, only to be black-flagged late in the race for climbing out of his car and pulling out a fender under a red flag.

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